Evolution of Terrorism since the Attacks of 2001 - 1218 Words

Evolution of Terrorism since the Attacks of 2001 Specificity and the level of modern civilization are characterized by the existence of vexed global problems, affecting not only the fate of individuals, social groups, nations, classes, regions and continents, but of all mankind. Therefore, in the present-day reality, the most urgent conflicts, requiring an immediate resolution that can escalate into an engrossing civil strife, are put forward to the fore. Alongside with them, there are separate, extremely negative phenomena, cognition of the essence of which is also a priority in terms of keeping the world in peace. One of these phenomena is terrorism. Identification of the historical origins of terrorism, its essential characteristics, socio-destructive beginning, development trends and the development of measures to prevent the international community for a long time is no longer something new. The statistical analysis shows the worldwide tendency to increase the number of manifestations of various types and forms of terror. Terrorist attacks in New York on 11 September 2001 blasted the hopes of many states and peoples of the world concerning the usual course of human evolution in the new, XXI century. It seems that the â€Å"Black Tuesday† had also crashed some models and doctrines, concepts and hypotheses of the future world order. The 9/11 terrorist attack was a complex international operation. It has been planned for years. It was aimed at creating a massive catastrophicShow MoreRelatedA New Paradigm Of Terrorism1537 Words   |  7 PagesSince the 9/11 terrorist attacks many have sought to argue that a ‘New’ paradigm of terrorism exists and therefore that the nature of modern terrorist threats has changed. However, terrorism itself has never been clearly outlined, and as such both Copeland and Duyvesteyn argue current threats to be a continuation of older trends of traditional terrorism. More so terrorism is subjective and therefore current threats depends upon who the target is and who is reporting the attack. On the other handRead MoreFreedom Isn t Free : Combating Terrorism1709 Words   |  7 PagesIsn’t Free: Combatting Terrorism Means Setting Aside Constitutional Liberties Derek Davis Liberty University CJUS 400 – B02 Johnny Sanders â€Æ' Freedom Isn’t Free: Combatting Terrorism Means Setting Aside Constitutional Liberties Throughout history, America has been confronted by opponents who wish to challenge its sovereignty. Over time, these challenges have been coined terrorism, and those that engage in terrorism have been known as terrorists. While allowing terrorism to thrive is an option thatRead MoreSimilarities And Differences Between Terrorism967 Words   |  4 PagesTerrorism in the twenty-first century has some similarities and differences from terrorism in the twentieth century. Terrorism is, in its broadest sense, the use or threatened use of violence in order to achieve a political, religious, or ideological aim. Also useful to remember that because the two entities involved, the terrorists and the terrorized, are on the opposite end of the political, religious or ideological continuum, the same act is viewed by them differently. There is much sense in theRead MoreThe Consequences of Terrorism Essay1580 Words   |  7 Pagesin and day out facing the music of the war against terrorism, the ter m, again, imposed on the people of Pakistan who live the term as their reality, disinterested in the background an origin of the term. The western contrived term was first used by used by the American President, George W. Bush, during tenure trigger of the war against terrorism happened. At Camp David George W. Bush in his speech said This crusade – this war on terrorism – is going to take a while, ... and that was the beginningRead MoreSeptember 11 Attacks and Nationalist Terrorist Groups Essay1414 Words   |  6 PagesTerrorism Paper 11/16/09 There are several terrorist groups throughout the world today. All the terrorist groups have one common goal and that is to rid the world of Americans and western influence from the Muslim world. There is one organization that has ties to most of all the terrorist groups in the world and is the most infamous group in the world today and that is the group called Al-Qaeda The word Al-Qaeda means â€Å"the base† in Muslim. As an international terrorist organization led by OsamaRead MoreReading Review : Why Terrorism Doesn t Work1321 Words   |  6 PagesPOLS2207 Reading Review: Why Terrorism doesn’t work – Max Abrahms Leo Kwon I disagree with Abrahms’ article ‘Why Terrorism doesn’t work’, there are a number of fundamental flaws within his work that I feel undermines its credibility. I feel that if he offered the readers the chance to reach their own conclusions it would have been a persuasive piece. However, by using limited data samples as evidence for his arguments, I find it difficult to understand why this article is held in such high esteemRead MoreHas the Nature of Terrorism Changed over the Last Thirty Years?2896 Words   |  12 PagesHas the nature of terrorism changed over the last thirty years? Answer this question with reference to three specific examples of terrorist campaigns. This essay will endeavour to give an historical analysis of contemporary terrorism and its changing nature by focusing on three specific terrorist campaigns over the last thirty years. The essay will begin by first presenting a definition of terrorism and will move on to provide a brief account of the geographical shift in terrorism by discussing theRead MoreThe Ottoman Empire And Islamic Terrorism1345 Words   |  6 Pages Topical Essay 1 The Ottoman Empire and Islamic Terrorism Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for Global Terrorism Florida International University By Melinda J. Persaud November 7, 2014 Introduction What is known today as modern-day Turkey, was once one of the most powerful empires in the world. They referred to this imperial state as the Ottoman Empire. The Purpose of the empire was to expand their territory, and spread their Islamic teachings. With thisRead MoreThe Ottoman Empire And Islamic Terrorism1193 Words   |  5 Pages The Ottoman Empire and Islamic Terrorism Florida International University By Melinda Persaud November 7, 2014 Introduction What is known today as modern-day Turkey, was once one of the most powerful empires in the world. They referred to this imperial state as the Ottoman Empire. The Purpose of the empire was to gain land , and spread their Islamic teachings. With this they had created a thirteenth century empire led by Osman, the founder of the Ottoman EmpireRead MoreMilitary Science: Irregular Warfare Essay1230 Words   |  5 Pagesirregular warfare is by no means a recent revelation in the evolution of warfare and strategy, numerous examples exist throughout history in which irregular warfare tactics and strategy have been adopted and later analysed by academics and military professionals. This author will focus on the key issues that governments face in creating effective strategies for irregular warfare with a particular emphasis on counter-insurgency (COIN) and terrorism. Resources such as time, space, legitimacy and support

Essay on Magic and Superstition in the Middle Ages

Superstitions have influenced the lives of human beings perhaps since the beginning of mankind. For millennia, people have clung to beliefs and practices surrounding preternatural activities. Even after science has produced evidence to explain what was once considered supernatural, the superstitious traditions have continued. During the Middle Ages, many new superstitious rituals were developed and some can still be seen in use today. However, the trivial superstitious rituals of today, such as hanging a horse shoe on a door or knocking on wood to bring good fortune, did not begin so simply. Superstition, as defined by the Oxford dictionary is, â€Å"excessively credulous belief in and reverence for the supernatural.† In no other time was†¦show more content†¦Here, the belief shifted from searching for a higher spirituality to having found that elevation in the Incarnate Word, Jesus Christ. This alteration in the philosophical outlook of the people brought about a whole new aspect of the supernatural. Now that there was a great power to believe in, there were sets of rules introduced to ensure pure worship of the new-found Incarnate Word. A few centuries later, the renowned Roman Statesman Cassiodorus (485-585AD) would quote the meaning of philosophy in a way that would help characterize the culture of Christendom, which would therefore determine the way for superstitions to transpire throughout the Middle Ages. Cassiodorus said, â€Å"Philosophy is to be assimilated to God insofar as this is possible for a human being† (McGinn 33). Following this impactful clarification, many changes occurred in Christian spirituality. Ancient Christianity was evolving into a new ‘Medieval Christianity’. With those changes came the birth of many interesting, sometimes bizarre, superstitions which would affect the lives of many and even contribute to the modification of other religions. Around 1141AD, Hugh of Saint Victor would claim that â€Å"Magic was not accepted as a part of philosophy, but stands with a false claim outside it† (Chronology of Modern Christianity: Timeline of Witches and Witchcraft). Magic, evidently, had its own metaphysical classification with its own setShow MoreRelatedWitchcraft And Superstition In Medieval Europe1654 Words   |  7 PagesWitchcraft and superstition in Medieval Europe The concept of witchcraft and superstition stretches over a long period of time. The idea became familiar around 560 B.C when the two old testaments denounced witches and the belief in them. The idea is said to have originated in Europe, rapidly spreading around the world. Medieval Europe was an era that solely believed in magic, witches and the supernatural. In the Middle Ages witchcraft was viewed as a heinous crime that was punishable by deathRead MoreEssay about Witchcraft 1052 Words   |  5 PagesBeginning in the Middle Ages and through the seventeenth centuries, an infiltration of witchcraft persevered throughout Europe. The witch craze resulted in the torture and persecution of witches. More than 100,000 of witches who were tried were centered in the area of southwestern Europe. The mass hysteria of witches was denounced because of their rejection of God and their pact with the devil, which resulted in harsh punishments and accusations. One reason for the persecution of wit ches was theyRead MoreThe Many Aspects Of Medicine863 Words   |  4 Pagesthe bringer of life as it has the ability to heal a rather unsightly wound. On the other hand, it can also be deemed the harbinger of death, whereas if it is used in the wrong context, the person could subsequently die as a result. The term Medieval Magic is a collaboration of pre-existing ideas shared across cultures, as well as spiritual influence with a shamanistic attribute. Much of the knowledge that is used came from just before the fall of the Western Roman Empire, the texts that manage to surviveRead MoreThe Myth Of The Witch1691 Words   |  7 Pageswitchcraft which antedate the witch hunts, and the time period that scholars recognize as most critical for the formation of the witch lies between the years 1430 and 1660. Before this time period, witchcraft, sorcery, and maleficium (magic) were dismissed as false superstition. Gradually, much of Medieval Europe began seriously believing that they were dealing with an omnipresent, uncontrollable threat of as many as â€Å"ten thousand old women in a troop†¦ instructed [in] their arts and perverse sorceriesRead MoreWhy Magic Should Not Be Confused With Witchcraft1402 Words   |  6 Pagesof when they hear the word magic? Is it Harry Potter and his friends fighting off Lord Voldemort or perhaps as Black Sabbath sings â€Å"witches at Black Masses?† It is probably a bit of both depending on your age and religious beliefs. This was not the case during the time period extending from antiquity to the early modern period. People in this time believed that magic could explain things they did not understand or could not explain. It was not for entertainment. â€Å"Magic probably claimed to provideRead MoreMedieval Medicine, Illogical and Superstition Essay1746 Words   |  7 PagesThe middle Ages was a time action and great emotion. Almost all the European inhabitants became Christian, because of this, the church had a l ot of control over the people. The church used the beliefs of the people to control them, collecting land and taxes and making laws. The Bubonic Plague spread to Europe, the plague killed about 75 million people of world died from one single cause. Many superstitions were created cause of the Black Death, generate idea that were thought to prevent the plagueRead MoreThe Christian Church At Its Foundation913 Words   |  4 Pagescreation. Christ used different methods to heal people from all manner of diseases and even death. Jesus, in sending out His disciples, gave them three duties, which were to preach, teach, and heal the sick, including casting out of demons. The apostolic age continued the importance of healing as Christ had instructed. A common form of authenticating the gospel was the healing of the people. In the book of Acts the preaching of the gospel and healings were interlinked which brought about salvation for manyRead MoreThe Role of the Roman Catholic Church During the Enlightenment1570 Words   |  7 PagesProving to be the paramount of the conflict between faith and reason, the European Enlightenment of the eighteenth century challenged each of the traditional values of that age. Europeans were changing, but Europe’s institutions were not keeping pace with that change.1 Throughout that time period, the most influential and conservative institution of Europe, the Roman Catholic Church, was forced into direct confrontation with these changing ideals. The Church continued to insist that it was the onlyRead MoreThe Witch s Hammer : A Treatise On The Prosecution Of Witches1742 Words   |  7 Pagestreatise on the prosec ution of witches, written in 1486 by Heinrich Kramer, a German Catholic clergyman. The book was first published in Speyer, Germany, in 1487. (3)Malleus Maleficarum is Latin for The Hammer Of The Witches. Maleficarum means harmful magic, or Witchcraft. Hexenhammer† in German is one of the most famous medieval treatises on witches. It was written in 1486 by Heinrich Kramer and Jacob Sprenger, and was first published in Germany in 1487. (3) Its main purpose was to challenge all argumentsRead MoreMy Journey From Non-Belief To Trenchant Atheism Began With1256 Words   |  6 Pagesheathens, heretics etc. But things have changed, irreversibly so. The current technological age of smart phones and driverless cars would seem like magic to the authors of the Bible. The flourishing of medicine, science and technology, has seen public opinion moving towards a tipping point – a point where evidence takes over and supernaturalism is declining. We no longer automatically reach for superstition, and magic, to explain life’s unknowns. We don’t have to look back far to see how different things

Socialolgy Free Essays

Sociology is a liberal perspective that explores the influences of social forces on individual behaviors. Course Objectives Students should be able to use a variety of thinking and reasoning skills, apply these skills as appropriate in various situations, and move among them depending on purpose. Upon completion of this course students should be able to: Define and gain a better understanding of sociology, critical thinking, and critical sociology. We will write a custom essay sample on Socialolgy or any similar topic only for you Order Now Define and differentiate between the three major sociological perspectives. Identify significant historical contributions to the discipline. Define and apply the sociological imagination as it pertains to a wide spectrum of real-world situations, cultures, and social problems. Understand the functions and social problems created and maintained by social institutions. Explain how age, race, ethnicity, gender and social class are socially constructed and how such constructs contribute to existing social problems. Witt, Jon (2013). SOC 2013 (3rd Deed. ). McGraw-Hill companies Inc. ISBN: 07-802674-4 Finiteness’s, Kurt (2013). Annual Editions (41st Deed. ). McGraw-Hill Companies Inc. ISBN: 978-0-07-813601-6 Office Hours o have any questions, problems, or concerns, please feel free to visit me during my office hours Tuesdays or by appointment. Email Etiquette The best way to contact me is via email at Ashley. leschyshyn@und. Email. Deed. However please keep in mind that FREER does not allow me to discuss any matters concerning personal grades. Additionally, I teach several classes each semester at two different universities. I will not respond to emails unless you provide me your NAME and CLASS so that I know who you are. Please refer to me as Ashley. Attendance, Absences, Make-Up Work In this class there is a strong correlation between attendance and test performance, assignment scores, and your final grade. Material presented in class will NOT be made available to those who do not attend. Lecture notes will NOT be posted on Blackboard. If you are going to miss an exam, you must contact me in ADVANCED notice PRIOR to the exam, as well as provide documented evidence of your excuse. Late work in labs will not be accepted. If you anticipate being absent, you must contact your TA prior to missing lab and schedule a different lab session to attend. Make-up work will only be allowed in the rare occasion that you are severely ill, experience an emergency, or are required to attend a university event and you must provide documentation of your absence. Course Organization Grading ** This course is weighted. Therefore, your total points on Blackboard will not be representative of your final grade unless you calculate those points in accordance with the weight. ** Lecture Material presented in lecture will NOT be made available to those who do not attend class and will NOT be posted on Blackboard. Grades are NOT curved, emailed, or given over the phone. Extra credit is NOT an option. Labs A separate lab syllabus will be provided by your GTAG. Lab times are NOT interchangeable. If you cannot attend your lab session, you must contact Tom or Keenan prior to your absence. Students are required to make-up their missed lab session during another lab session. This section is worth 30% of your final semester grade. It is your responsibility to keep a copy of all your work. Once assignments have been returned it is in your best interest to check Model right away to make sure your score is posted correctly AND to hold on to them until the class ends and final grades re posted. Quizzes There will be a total of 11 quizzes offered this semester. Each quiz is worth 10 points. Your lowest quiz score will be dropped; hence 10 quizzes will count towards your final grade. The quiz schedule is listed below. The quiz will become available the Friday prior to the date due. On the due date, the quiz must be submitted by 11:59 p. M. Quizzes that are not submitted by the corresponding date and time will result in a failing score. You CANNOT make up a missed quiz (you can drop the lowest score). Quizzes are not timed. You may access the quiz as many times as needed, however once the quiz is submitted, the score is final. All quiz questions will be derived from your textbook. Quizzes will be worth 10% of your final semester grade. Exams This section is comprised of 3 multiple choice exams (which are NOT comprehensive). The majority of exam questions are derived from mass lecture. The remaining questions are from the textbook. Excused make-up exams are granted if you contact Tom or Keenan PRIOR to the exam date and provide documented evidence of your excuse. The instructor reserves the right to change the exam dates. Final Grades Exams, quizzes and lab assignments are calculated as follows: 0-100% = A 80-89% 70-79% 00-59% Blackboard Class announcements, quizzes, study guides and other supplemental course material will be posted on Blackboard. To access course material (study guides, quizzes), be sure to click on the Content link located in the left hand column. You will find the material in the associated folder. Additionally, all grades (unofficial) will be posted on Blackboard. Classroom Conduct Attending the University of North Dakota is a privilege, not a right. The classroom is a special environment in which students and faculty come together to promote learning. Examples of improper behavior in the classroom may include, but are not limited to: disrespect for the professional status of the instructor and/or GTAG (refrain from contacting us through social media), persistent late arrival to or early departure from class, distractive talking, the use of cell phones and laptops to text, chat, or surf the web, refusal to comply with reasonable directions, employing insulting language or gestures and verbal, psychological, or physical threats and harassment. The Department of Sociology supports classrooms that are positive learning environments, where people are respectful and supportive of one another. You may have strong opinions, but everyone is expected to listen respectfully to alternative viewpoints and to communicate ideas in a non-confrontational way without monopolizing classroom discussion. Course materials prepared by the instructor including the content of all lectures, are the property of the instructor. Reproduction of materials, including video and audio recording of lectures without the consent of the instructor is prohibited. Unless permission is obtained from me, copies of materials and recordings of lectures may not be modified and must not be transferred or transmitted to any other person, whether or not that individual is enrolled in the course. Academic Misconduct classroom behavior, will be reported to the Sociology Department and the Dean of Students. Subsequently, the behavior will become part of your permanent university record. The penalty for academic misconduct is a failing grade for the assignment/ exam in question or a failing grade for the course, depending upon the severity of the misconduct. How to cite Socialolgy, Papers

Conflict Can Have Tragic Consequences for Everyone free essay sample

Conflict can have tragic consequences for everyone as the women portrayed in Bereford’s film, Paradise Road, react in a catastrophic manner in the events that lead on as the film progresses. The characters in the film are based on actual people: nurses or wives of major officials and civilians. These women are caught up in the global conflict of World War II and those who manage to survive are, despite any positive outcomes, are dreadfully damaged by their encounter with conflict both physically and emotionally. These moments of great unrest are captured in the film that innocent people are too often becoming caught up in and suffer from the effects of great struggle that are not of their own making. The viewers are powerfully positioned to recognise with the three main protagonists, Adrienne, Margaret and Susan, as they come to a conditions with the cruel and frequently tragic circumstances of their situation. We will write a custom essay sample on Conflict Can Have Tragic Consequences for Everyone or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In the film’s opening scene, we observe a sight of the protected and usual lives led by women who were fairly unimportant to the conflict of war. Now, plunged into a terrifyingly brutal and unknown world, they come across the tragic consequences of the conflict. On the voyage to the camp, Beresford highlights the ordinary qualities of the women as they move violently to retain their meagre property or endeavour to help each other endure the long walk. Afraid, starving and exhausted, the women are herded like cattle. On their appearance in Sumatra they see the disengaged head of a following prisoner displayed on a pole in the public square. The tragedies that occurred in the prisoners turn out to be a part of their daily lives, as many gave in to the belongings of untreated sickness. The scene with the two children creating simple wooden coffins for dead babies evidently highlights the tragedy of the conflict in the lives of normal people, and suggests that no reason can justify the dreadful consequences of violent conflict. Children are a figure of innocence in the film. The innocent suffers the most in situations of tremendous conflict. The camp cemetery, with its rows upon rows of white crosses, is exposed as the camera pans across the penal complex compound throughout a performance of the vocal orchestra, enlightening the large numbers of prisoners who died all through the course of their imprisonment. The film also shows how intense conflict situations positions everyday people beneath a strange pressure, provoking and exacerbating conflicts on a private level, both between and within individuals. Stressed, sorrowing and deprived, a number of the women in Paradise Road find themselves positioned in a ethically and politically compromised condition when confronted with the option as to whether to remain at the Japanese ‘officers’ club’, providing sex in return for food and comfort, or to return to the camp. Those who choose to be recognise by the bribe of the officers who are not only prostituting themselves but are also consorting with the enemy. Likewise, Adrienne was positioned in a compromising situation when she was asked if the orchestra will carry out a Japanese song for Colonel Hirota. She refuses, risking cruel punishment. At the same time, she makes a diverse option, to that of the women of the officers’ club, Beresford emphasises that war, and the struggle for survival, places harshly and unusual stress on individuals, which is able to cause them to act in ways they would not normally behave; as Sister Wilhelmina intelligently acknowledges, it is not fair to judge the events of others in a period of severe disagreement. In conclusion, conflict has the potential to allow an individual the ability to face challenges in order to overcome them and finally to grow as a person. The range of conflicts that acts as a basis towards venous responses ranging from the extreme life changing circumstances to those that are minor, but yet a significant ambition to change. Refereeing to the film ‘Paradise Road’ we have seen many faces that have been challenged trough out their lives. However the women are able to follow their presence with the determination, courage and peace.